Contents

FOREWORD
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
GLOSSARY
ACRONYMS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. THE MAJOR SECURITY ACTORS
3. DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE AND THE SECURITY SECTOR
4. POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION
  4.1 Why Policy is Important
  4.2 The Politics of the Policy Process
  4.3 The Policy Context
  4.3.1 Policy Reform in Times of Change and Stability
  4.3.2 Responding to Policy Reform
  4.4 Managing The Policy Process I: Cross-Cutting Issues
  4.4.1 Policy Communication, Dialogue, and Debate
  4.4.2 Adequate Human and Institutional Capacity
  4.4.4 Initiating a Policy Process
  4.5 Managing The Policy Process II: Policy Development
  4.5.1 Getting Started: Developing the Process Design and Guidance
  4.5.2 Step 1: Carrying out a Security Environment Assessment
  4.5.3 Step 2: Developing Policy Frameworks and Undertaking Strategic Reviews
  4.6 Managing The Policy Process III: Policy Implementation
  4.6.1. Maximising the Opportunities for Successful Policy Implementation
  4.6.2 Planning
  4.6.3 Monitoring and Evaluation
  Summary of Main Points ? CHAPTER 4
5. MANAGING FINANCIAL RESOURCES
6. REGIONAL ACTORS AND SECURITY-SECTOR GOVERNANCE
7. CONFRONTING THE CHALLENGES OF SECURITY SECTOR TRANSFORMATION
NOTE ON EDITORS, AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
APPENDIX 1: COLLABORATING INSTITUTIONS
APPENDIX 2: WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS
APPENDIX 3: DEFENCE PROCUREMENT22
APPENDIX 4: SUMMARY OF ISSUES, INDICATORS, BENCHMARKS FOR DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE IN THE SECURITY SECTOR
APPENDIX 5: CODE OF CONDUCT FOR AFRICAN ARMED FORCES
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4. Policy Development and Implementation

AIM

This chapter highlights the central features of the process of formulating and implementing policy. It provides information on generic policy processes, while recognising that the way in which such processes are undertaken will vary from country to country.

Section 4.1 explains why policy is important. Section 4.2 examines the political dimensions of the policy process. Section 4.3 offers some observations on the context in which policies are developed and implemented. Sections 4.4 ? 4.6 discuss the policy management process and describes its application in the security sector. Section 4.4 focuses on four cross-cutting issues: (1) the importance of human and institutional capacity; (2) policy communication, dialogue, and debate; (3) policy analysis; (4) factors influencing the decision to conduct a major policy review. Section 4.5 examines policy development. Section 4.6 offers some guidance on policy implementation. (Oversight, which is a central component of the policy process is discussed in Chapter 3.)