Contents

FOREWORD
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
GLOSSARY
ACRONYMS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. THE MAJOR SECURITY ACTORS
  2.1 Five Key Actors
  2.2 Organisations Legally Mandated to Use Force
  2.3 Justice and Public Safety Organisations
  2.4 Civil Management and Oversight Organisations
  2.5 Non-State Security Organisations
  2.5.1 Reasons for the Rise in Non-State Actors
  2.5.2 Impact of Non-State Security Organisations
  2.6 Civil Society Actors
  2.7 Regional Actors
  Summary of Main Points ? Chapter 2
3. DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE AND THE SECURITY SECTOR
4. POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION
5. MANAGING FINANCIAL RESOURCES
6. REGIONAL ACTORS AND SECURITY-SECTOR GOVERNANCE
7. CONFRONTING THE CHALLENGES OF SECURITY SECTOR TRANSFORMATION
NOTE ON EDITORS, AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
APPENDIX 1: COLLABORATING INSTITUTIONS
APPENDIX 2: WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS
APPENDIX 3: DEFENCE PROCUREMENT22
APPENDIX 4: SUMMARY OF ISSUES, INDICATORS, BENCHMARKS FOR DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE IN THE SECURITY SECTOR
APPENDIX 5: CODE OF CONDUCT FOR AFRICAN ARMED FORCES
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2. The Major Security Actors

AIM

This chapter identifies the potential security universe in a country and provides brief descriptions of each main group of actors. Security-sector transformation processes often focus extensively on the security organisations, secondarily on the civil oversight actors, and only rarely on the other actors within the broad security community. This chapter argues that all actors ? official and non-official ? that affect the governance of the security sector need to be engaged if democratic governance of the security sector is to be achieved.

Section 2.1 identifies five categories of actors that influence the quality of democratic governance in the security sector: 1) organisations authorised to use force; 2) judicial and public safety organisations; 3) civil management and oversight organisations; 4) non-state security organisations; and 5) non-statutory civil society actors. Section 2.2. discusses the actors legally mandated to use force. Section 2.3 examines the judicial and public safety organisations. Section 2.4 looks at the civil management and oversight organisations. Section 2.5 reviews the non-state security organisations and section 2.6 discusses the roles of civil society actors. Section 2.7 considers regional actors.